Percepción social de la producción de hidrógeno verde en la Patagonia, Argentina
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18800/kawsaypacha.202601.A009Palabras clave:
Hidrógeno verde, Aceptación social, Transición energética, Descarbonización, Patagonia, ArgentinaResumen
El hidrógeno verde surge como una alternativa prometedora para la descarbonización debido a sus propiedades ambientalmente favorables como portador de energía. Sin embargo, factores no técnicos, como la aceptación social, resultan cruciales durante la planificación de nuevas tecnologías energéticas. Este estudio investiga las percepciones sociales sobre la producción de hidrógeno verde mediante electrólisis del agua utilizando energía eólica, y su uso como vector energético, en una región seleccionada de la Patagonia Argentina. Se realizó una encuesta en línea como método cuantitativo, con un total de n = 134 participantes. Los resultados indican que, entre la población encuestada, existe un nivel relativamente alto de conocimiento sobre el hidrógeno verde, y que la mayoría de los encuestados lo asocia con una fuente potencial de energía limpia que no genera emisiones contaminantes. Las preocupaciones sociales respecto del proceso de producción fueron predominantemente positivas, destacándose beneficios esperados como el desarrollo económico, la creación de empleo, el aumento de la conciencia sobre las energías renovables y la autonomía energética. Este último aspecto se corresponde con la preferencia mayoritaria por utilizar la energía producida para abastecer la demanda local, independientemente de las posibilidades de exportación. En conjunto, los hallazgos sugieren una incipiente conciencia sobre el desarrollo sostenible y una disposición favorable hacia transiciones energéticas orientadas a la protección ambiental en el contexto local.
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