Estrategias de afrontamiento y estrés de minoría en personas transgénero y de género no conforme (TGNC): Una revisión sistemática con especial atención a la investigación Iberoamericana y Latinoamericana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.202601.017Palabras clave:
TGNC, estrategias de afrontamiento, revisión sistemática, modelo de estrés de minoríasResumen
Esta revisión sistemática examina y compendia la literatura empírica sobre estrategias de afrontamiento (EA) empleadas por personas transgénero y género no conformes (TGNC, por su sigla en inglés) frente al estrés de minorías, con especial interés en la investigación ibero y latinoamericana. Empleando los criterios PRISMA-P, se efectuaron búsquedas en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, PsycInfo y Scielo. Se consideraron estudios transversales y longitudinales, cuantitativos, cualitativos y mixtos, publicados en inglés, francés, español o portugués. Se seleccionaron diecinueve artículos que incluían participantes adolescentes, jóvenes y/o adultos TGNC. Los hallazgos revelan una prevalencia de investigación cualitativa, con una presencia casi nula de estudios ibero o latinoamericanos. La aplicación del modelo de estrés minoritario subraya el impacto único de los estresores asociados al género en la salud mental de las personas TGNC. Además, las EA varían según las etapas del proceso de afirmación de género y abarcan tanto aproximaciones evitativas como adaptativas. El apoyo social se perfila como una EA relevante. Esta revisión revela particularidades sobre la CS usadas por las personas TGNC y subraya la importancia de abordar su salud mental específica. Considerando la determinación cultural de la CS, la escasa presencia de estudios ibero o latinoamericanos plantea dudas acerca de la generalización de estos hallazgos a estas poblaciones.
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References with an initial asterisk indicate that the study was included in the systematic review.
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