About the Pretended Speciality of Law 20.027 in Regard to Law 20.720 of Insolvency in Chile. Reflections About the Conditions That a Rule Must Fulfill to Be Considered Special

Abstract

This article critically examines the jurisprudential line developed in recent times by the civil chamber of the Chilean Supreme Court regarding the exclusion of credit with state guarantee for the financing of higher education studies of the bankruptcy liquidation procedure. After identifying the conditions of application of the specialty criterion and the principles that inform the bankruptcy proceedings, it is explained why, contrary to what the room maintains, the mechanisms contemplated in title V of Law No. 20.027 are not really special in view of the bankruptcy liquidation procedure regulated by Law No. 20.720. In general, it is maintained that not all regulations associated with general or special hypotheses of insolvency are part of bankruptcy law. To the extent that the regulation does not refer to a collective process, with bodies that tend to increase the recovery rate of creditors and/or safeguard the credit system and economic public order, the regulation is not part of bankruptcy law. In this understanding, it is concluded that the mechanisms contemplated by Law No. 20.027 are not part of bankruptcy law, since all of them are nothing more than means of individual protection, even when they are associated with a hypothesis of insolvency.