Ambigüedad epistemológica y moral en el cosmos social de los yine
Resumen
Como muchos pueblos indígenas de la Amazonía, también los yine, de la Amazonía peruana, se adhieren a una cosmología social quese puede llamar perspectivista. Incluye una cantidad de seres intencionales que tienen alma y que en diferentes situaciones pueden transformarse en humanos, o ser vistos como tales. En este mundo de fugacidad, lo que más preocupa a los yine es la ambigüedad epistemológica inherente a la situación: nunca se puede estar completamente seguro de la condición humana de otra persona. En este artículo tratamos de examinar el aspecto de moralidad, aspecto que hasta hoy sigue poco analizado en relación con cosmologías perspectivistas. Lo hacemos a través de la investigación de las causas y consecuencias de la ambigüedad epistemológica encontrada por los yine. En el pensamiento yine, ¿cómo se conceptualiza la categoría del humano? En términos de moralidad, ¿qué diferencia a los otrosseres con subjetividad de los humanos legítimos? ¿Qué consecuencias tiene la situación ambigua en la vida humana yine? Sugerimos que entre los yine se encuentran diferentes humanidades continuas a las demás. Los distintos seres intencionales ocupan diversos puestos en el continuo moral, sin que existan límites fijos entre ellos. Ejemplos de fallos y diferencias morales se encuentran tanto en la interacción humana como en la existente entre humanos y no humanos.
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