Ethical Standars

Subscription to Ethical Principles

Publications submitted for editorial consideration to Espacio y Desarrollo must comply with the current standards of scientific integrity and ethical principles. The journal adheres to the principles of research integrity outlined in the Singapore Statement (http://www.singaporestatement.org) and the Committee on Publication Ethics, COPE (http://www.publicationethics.org). Authors must subscribe to the principles of correct scientific practice by signing a "Declaration of Adherence to Scientific Practice," while also declaring their acceptance of the journal's norms, rights, and editorial obligations. This declaration must be submitted together with the corresponding manuscript.

Download: Declaration of adherence to scientific practice

Editors

The Journal's Editors and the Editorial Committee will make decisions on works submitted to the Journal based on merits such as the relevance, originality, clarity, and validity of the work, not on the race, gender, sexual orientation, religion, or institutional affiliation of the authors.

Editors must not disclose information about the manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewer, and editorial advisors, committing to maintaining the confidentiality of the authors' data and their works.

Editors must declare any conflict (financial, personal, or academic) that may influence their judgment and must excuse themselves from handling manuscripts where such a conflict exists.

Authorship

Authors declare that they are the author(s) of the manuscript submitted to the Journal and confirm that the submitted version is the final and correct one for editorial consideration. They acknowledge having worked on the different stages of the conception, development, and conclusion of the manuscript, and affirm that they are aware of the rights and duties of the authors and editors of the Journal.

Originality

Works submitted to the Journal must be original and unpublished throughout the editorial process and must not be under editorial consideration by another journal, book chapter, or conference proceedings or similar publication.

A manuscript is understood to be original if it presents new knowledge that has not been published in any academic or scientific journal, book, or conference proceedings or similar. The manuscript may derive from a thesis, have been published in an institutional or thematic preprint repository, or have been presented at a conference, in which case the author is asked to indicate this in the "Conflicts of Interest" section.

All data and written sections contained in the manuscript submitted to the journal must be original and correspond to the authors' own research, except for exceptions duly noted and referenced following the citation regulations of Espacio y Desarrollo.

All original and secondary sources, data, and graphic and audiovisual information (tables, figures, graphs, statistics, photographs, audios, videos, etc.) contained in other publications are properly identified, giving credit to their authors and indicating the rest of the information about their origin required by the Journal's editorial standards. Furthermore, the necessary authorizations for the use of copyrighted content are presented.

The authors of the manuscripts are responsible for informing the Journal's Editorial Committee about the use of images or audiovisual material with copyright restrictions. In case of violating this rule, Espacio y Desarrollo reserves the right to exclude the work from the editorial process at whatever stage it may be, even if its publication has been recommended by the reviewers or it has moved on to the editing and publication process.

Intellectual Property

The articles, as well as the references, figures, audios, and videos used, are the sole responsibility of their authors, and the opinions expressed by them do not necessarily reflect the views of the publishing entity. Likewise, they are responsible for the legal right to publish the proposed material, particularly concerning figures, audios, videos, and any other data protected by the legislation in force in Peru or in their respective countries.

Authors retain the right to Copyright and Full Publishing without restrictions and are permitted to deposit versions of their work in personal and institutional repositories.

Ethical Use of Information Sources

Authors must properly acknowledge and identify the sources of information used in preparing their work, including the corresponding credits for written works, illustrations, audios, videos, and any previously published material of their own, in which case it must also be explicitly referenced.

Plagiarism (and self-plagiarism) are considered serious offenses against the ethics of scientific research. Plagiarism is considered the act of presenting ideas or content belonging to other people as one's own, without due acknowledgment of their origin.

In the References section, the author must identify all works that have been cited in any section of the work.

Espacio y Desarrollo uses specialized software to identify text matches that are not properly acknowledged and referenced. To resolve these situations, the journal will use the protocols outlined in the Singapore Statement and the Committee on Publication Ethics, COPE. If a breach of the principles of scientific research is confirmed, the works will be excluded from the journal's editorial consideration, with prior notification to the authors.

Data

 Authors declare the veracity of the data used in their works and that it was obtained through correct scientific procedures. Furthermore, they commit to informing the Journal's Editorial Committee about any substantial modification in the presentation of data and results that could totally or partially affect the proposal up to the moment of going to press or digital publication.

Acknowledgments and Funding

 Authors must declare the appropriate acknowledgments to those individuals and institutions that, without being authors, contributed to the preparation of the manuscript or to obtaining any of the data contained therein when any possible conflict of interest exists.

Authors must declare all corresponding acknowledgments for funding, execution projects, or sponsoring research, correctly identifying the individuals, organizations, or institutions, including project numbers or identification codes when applicable.

Authors must declare in the manuscript whether the work was carried out with the support of funding sources, execution projects, or sponsoring research, correctly identifying the individuals, organizations, or institutions, including project numbers or identification codes when applicable.

Among the possible funding sources that must be indicated are educational entities such as universities, Institutes, Research Centers, etc.; agricultural, mining, forestry companies, etc.; communities of people located in a specific geographical area; governmental bodies or NGOs.

Conflicts of Interest

Authors must advise the Editorial Committee of any irreconcilable aspect with any potential reviewer(s), institution, or links with individuals or institutions with ethical, financial, or commercial interests in the publication of this work.

Confidentiality

Espacio y Desarrollo safeguards the personal information of authors during the editorial process and until the publication of their works. Anonymity is also safeguarded during the review process carried out by external peers of the editorial team, under the "double-blind" modality.

Reviewers who so wish may disclose their identity to the authors through the Editorial Team after completing their task of evaluating the works and having already delivered an opinion on their publication to the Journal. The decision to communicate with them, if they consider it necessary, rests with the authors.

Evaluation

Works will be evaluated by peers external to the editorial team, under the "double-blind" modality. This anonymous collaboration seeks to guarantee the scientific contribution of the articles and their relevance within the scope of the Journal.

Reviewers must evaluate the work objectively and constructively. They may not share the manuscript or use knowledge of its content for personal benefit.

Reviewers must decline to review if they lack sufficient expertise or if there is an undeclared conflict of interest.

Corrections or Amendments

Appealing to the intellectual property held by the authors and the optimal outcome of the editorial process, Espacio y Desarrollo will send them a copy of the edited article before its final publication ("Galley Proof"). In this proof, authors may only make corrections to aspects that, if not corrected, would seriously affect the publication.

Espacio y Desarrollo will correct an already published article, provided it concerns an error that was the responsibility of the Journal itself. It will not publish errata or corrections requested by the authors after publication.