Indicadores de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático: un estudio en comunidades pesqueras de Tacna, región al sur del Perú
Resumen
El estudio de los indicadores de exposición, sensibilidad y capacidad adaptativa sobre la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático tiene como finalidad conseguir una mayor comprensión sobre los principales indicadores que repercuten en las comunidades y facilitar a las autoridades responsables implementar acciones de mitigación. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los principales indicadores de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático en las comunidades pesqueras de la región Tacna. Se consideró una muestra de 255 pescadores artesanales, que se encontraban debidamente registrados en las asociaciones pesqueras ubicadas en el litoral de Tacna, organizados en ocho comunidades pesqueras: Santa Rosa, Los Palos, Yarada Baja, Llostay, Boca del Río, Vila Vila, Morro Sama e Ite. Se utilizó información de fuente primaria a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario conformado por 32 indicadores. Los hallazgos de la presente investigación señalan que el principal indicador es la dependencia de la pesca, por lo que al incrementar la no dependencia de la pesca se reduce el nivel de la vulnerabilidad al cambio climático de estas comunidades; asimismo, que las variables exposición y sensibilidad no influyen sobre la vulnerabilidad y que a mayor capacidad adaptativa disminuye la vulnerabilidad.
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