Diferencias entre identidad ambiental, conectividad con la naturaleza y bienestar en población rural e indígena del sur de Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18800/kawsaypacha.202601.A004Palabras clave:
Conectividad con la naturaleza, Identidad ambiental, Población rural, Comunidad indígenaResumen
La relación entre el ser humano y la naturaleza ha generado un creciente interés en los últimos años, especialmente en contextos rurales donde las dinámicas cotidianas están vinculadas desde una perspectiva productiva, simbólica y cultural. Sin embargo, esta conexión varía según las particularidades culturales, históricas y sociales. En el caso de las comunidades colonas no indígenas, la conexión con la naturaleza tiende a ser más transaccional y pragmática, mientras que las comunidades indígenas mantienen una concepción ancestral que integra lo físico, espiritual y colectivo. El objetivo de este estudio, en primera instancia, es identificar si existen diferencias significativas en la presencia de bienestar, conectividad con la naturaleza e identidad ambiental de una muestra de personas pertenecientes a un resguardo indígena, en contraste con una muestra de habitantes rurales no indígenas del sur de Colombia; y, en segunda instancia, analizar cómo se estructuran redes de dichas variables conforme a sus particularidades de origen. Los resultados muestran valores similares para ambas poblaciones, levemente más altos para las poblaciones indígenas que para las colonas no indígenas, pero que no se encuentran en los puntajes máximos, lo cual podría relacionarse con probables procesos de descampesinización y conflictos socioambientales de la región. Se concluye que tanto la población indígena como la rural no indígena presentan niveles similares de conectividad con la naturaleza y de bienestar social, pero niveles menores de identidad ambiental, bienestar psicológico y emocional. Así mismo, para los indígenas la variable con mayor fuerza en el establecimiento de redes es el bienestar social, mientras que para la población rural no indígena es el bienestar psicológico individual. No obstante, se requieren nuevas investigaciones que confirmen dichas tendencias.
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