Estratégias de coping e stress minoritário em pessoas transgénero e não conformes ao género (TGNC): Uma revisão sistemática com enfoque na investigação Ibero-americana e Latino-americana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.202601.017Palavras-chave:
estratégias de coping, revisão sistemática, modelo de estresse minoritário, TGNCResumo
Esta revisão sistemática examina e resume a literatura empírica sobre estratégias de coping ou CS (“coping strategies”) utilizadas por indivíduos transgêneros e não-conformes de gênero (TGNC, “transgender and gender nonconforming”) para lidar com o estresse de minorias, com foco especial em pesquisas ibero-americanas e latino-americanas. Utilizando os critérios PRISMA-P, as buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, PsycInfo e Scielo. Foram considerados estudos transversais e longitudinais, quantitativos, qualitativos e mistos, publicados em inglês, francês, espanhol ou português. Foram selecionados 19 artigos que incluíam participantes adolescentes, jovens e/ou adultos TGNC. Os resultados revelam uma prevalência de pesquisas qualitativas, com quase nenhum estudo ibero-americano ou latino-americano. A aplicação do modelo de estresse de minorias destaca o impacto singular dos fatores de estresse associados ao gênero na saúde mental de indivíduos TGNC. Além disso, as estratégias de enfrentamento variam de acordo com os estágios do processo de afirmação de gênero e abrangem abordagens tanto de evitação quanto adaptativas. O apoio social surge como uma estratégia de enfrentamento relevante. Esta revisão revela especificidades quanto às CS utilizadas por indivíduos TGNC e ressalta a importância de abordar sua saúde mental específica. Considerando a determinação cultural das CS, a presença limitada de estudos ibero-americanos ou latino-americanos levanta dúvidas sobre a generalização desses achados para essas populações.
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