Voltamperometría: fundamentos electroquímicos y aplicaciones
Resumen
La voltamperometría es una técnica electroquímica con un amplio campo de aplicación en la determinación cuantitativa de analitos, en el análisis de caracterización y en el estudio de procesos de difusión, adsorción, reducción y oxidación. La capacidad de adaptación de esta herramienta analítica se atribuye, principalmente, a la integración de diversas modificaciones en su metodología, impulsadas por los avances tecnológicos que han mejorado y evolucionado los equipos y los sistemas electródicos. En esta revisión se abordan los principios fundamentales de la voltamperometría que incluyen las bases de la instrumentación, de la termodinámica y de la cinética de los procesos electroquímicos, así como un repaso por las técnicas voltamperométricas y algunas aplicaciones relevantes en distintos campos, tales como el análisis ambiental, la industria alimenticia y las ciencias forenses. Los múltiples estudios interdisciplinarios que se basan en la voltamperometría evidencian un uso significativo y una aplicabilidad reconocida de la técnica electroquímica.
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