Archaeological registry formation processes environmental conditions and use of space on the north coast of the gulf San Matías (Río Negro, Argentina)

Abstract

Understanding the dynamics formation of coastal environments is essential when accounting for the processes that have taken place in the coast line over time. These processes are what determine the primary deposition properties of the cultural evidence, as well as its current characteristics. To establish the chronology and temporal continuity of the archaeological record, it is essential to understand and interpret the taphonomic history of archaeological sites. In this article we propose the integration of sedimentological, archeomalacological and meteorological results of Bahía Creek and Faro San Matías localities on the north coast of the San Matias gulf. The environmental dynamics of geoform formation and their migration characteristics are inferred and an analysis of the relationship between these factors, the representation and differential conservation of the archaeological record. We paid special attention to the seasonal changes in the shell middens formation and the variation patterns of historical meteorological records, which allow us to delineate selective preservation trends. This is particularly relevant to discuss the use of space, since wind dynamics can affect the qualitative, quantitative, resolution and integrity properties of the archaeology deposits.