Evaluando la educación a través de la deserción: la maldición y el castigo
Resumen
Este artículo aborda el conjunto de desafíos teóricos y metodológicos que aún no han sido superados por el campo científico que estudia la deserción en la educación superior, aquí tratada metafóricamente como una maldición. El objetivo fue sistematizar el aporte de la bibliografía que señala las razones por las cuales la larga trayectoria teórica y aplicada no ha logrado el resultado esperado, es decir, la reducción de índices. Para ello, se utilizó una revisión narrativa de la bibliografía, buscando recoger aportes de varias obras de referencia en casi un siglo de historia del campo. Los resultados apuntaron a la presencia de desafíos en la definición del objeto (falta de consenso e inespecificidad). Pero también señalaron desafíos metodológicos como la falta de un enfoque longitudinal, sistémico y combinado para la investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa.
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